Some important features of the Constitution of Nepal

• This constitution has part 27, article 302 and schedule 9 and is flexible. If there is a need to change the constitution, there is no need to protest as in the past, the constitution can be amended by a two-thirds majority of the parliament.
• The constitution has assimilated federalism. The overall plan of seven provinces has come. The place where it can be amended or reduced is within the constitution. The naming of the province will be done by two-thirds of the provincial parliament, while the delimitation will be done through the commission.
• In the case of the system of government, a parliamentary system with a constitutional president and an executive prime minister has been adopted. The President is elected by the members of the State Assembly and the members of the Central Parliament, while the Prime Minister is elected by the Parliament.
• In order to prevent the government from becoming unstable, it has been arranged that a motion of no confidence cannot be brought against the Prime Minister for the first two years. It is stipulated that the Prime Minister cannot dissolve the Parliament.
• There will be inclusive representation in Parliament. A mixed electoral system has been adopted. There will be two houses, the House of Representatives and the National Assembly. The House of Representatives will have 275 members including 165 directly elected and 110 proportional members. The National Assembly will have 59 members including 56 elected from seven provinces and three nominated by the President.
• There will be a three-level state structure of union, state and local. A maximum 25-member cabinet will be formed at the centre. The person who lost the election will not be able to become a minister. The Provincial Assembly will be unicameral.
• There will be a total of 550 MPs from seven provinces. The Provincial Council of Ministers will be formed so that it does not exceed 20 percent of the total members of the Provincial Parliament. As in the center, the number of seats in the provinces will be 60 per cent directly and 40 per cent in the proportional quota.

Until the Provincial Assembly decides its capital, the work will be conducted from the place designated by the Government of Nepal. Jurisdictions of central, state and local governments are divided in the constitution. A transitional arrangement has been made that the Center will exercise their rights until the election of the Provincial Assembly and the formation of the Provincial Government.

• According to the constitution, Nepal will be a secular country. However, while explaining secularism, it is said that - secularism should be understood as religious and cultural freedom, including the protection of religion and culture that has been going on since time immemorial.
• A comprehensive provision has been made regarding fundamental rights. Special reservation has been made for women and Dalits. The rights of education, health, environment etc. are placed under the fundamental rights. However, there have also been complaints that its use is limited to 'according to the law'.
• Under the Judiciary, there will be a Supreme Court at the Center, while the Supreme Court will have a constitutional bench. There will be high courts in the provinces and district courts will be in the district headquarters.
• In the provision related to citizenship, the provision of mother or father has been kept for the purpose of taking the citizenship of the descendants. The demand of Madhesi is also included in citizenship.
• There is a provision to create separate commissions for Madhesi, Tharu, Muslim and tribal tribes. All mother tongues will be the national language, official language will be Nepali language in Devanagari script.
• The national animal is the cow. The national flag and the national anthem have been kept unchanged.
• In the case of local bodies, the commission formed by the government will restructure the local body within one year, and before that, the transitional provision for holding interim elections in the local body has been made in the constitution.
• Members of the Constituent Assembly elected for four years will remain as members of the converted Legislative Parliament for the remaining term (maximum three and a half years). However, in the event that the general election is announced within January 2074, their term of office will only last until the day of nomination.
• There is a transitional provision in the constitution to elect the Prime Minister within 7 days, the Speaker within 20 days and the President within a month after the promulgation of this Constitution. The date of election of these office bearers will be calculated from the day when the session of Parliament is not in progress. Even if the current session ends, there is a transitional provision that the session must be convened within seven days of the promulgation of the constitution.